PM’s 10 Points Agenda
·
2015: The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk
Reduction 2015-2030 (Sendai is a city in Japan’s Tohoku Region)
Goal: Prevent new
and reduce existing disaster risk through the implementation of integrated and
inclusive economic, structural, legal, social, health, cultural, educational,
environmental, technological, political and institutional measures that prevent
and reduce hazard exposure and vulnerability to disaster, increase preparedness
for response and recovery, and thus strengthen resilience
After the adoption of Sendai Framework, the international
community adopted two other major frameworks to shape the future of humanity,
namely,
·
2015: The Sustainable Development Goals
·
2015: The Paris Agreement on Climate Change in
2015.
Disaster Risk Reduction has a pivotal role in supporting
adaptation to climate change as well as sustainable development.
2016: India hosted Asian
Ministerial Conference on Disaster
Risk Reduction (AMCDRR), and
This was
the first after the international policy of Sendai Framework for
Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR); in November 2016 at New Delhi.
Inaugurating
the 7th AMCDRR, Shri Narendra Modi, Prime Minister of India,
highlighted a 10- Point Agenda on Disaster Risk Reduction, that encompassed
tools and approaches to address critical challenges in achieving sustainable
development objectives and renewed efforts towards DRR.
Important goals
·
Goal-01: All
development sectors must imbibe the principles of disaster risk management
PM says “Development and Disasters are two sides of a coin. While a planned
development can reduce the risks of disasters, the absence of proper planning
can aggravate them”
·
Goal-03: Women’s
leadership and greater involvement should be central to disaster risk
management
It is necessary to encourage greater
involvement and leadership of women in disaster risk management to support
special needs of women affected by disasters.
·
Goal-09: Make use of
every opportunity to learn from disasters and, to achieve that, there must be
studies on the lessons after every disaster
Ensure that the opportunity to learn
from a disaster is not wasted. After every disaster there is a need to
undertake research studies to understand the best practices and learn lessons
to improve the policy and disaster governance.
1. All
development sectors must imbibe the principles of disaster risk management▼
Explanation
Development and Disasters are two sides of a coin. While a planned development
can reduce the risks of disasters, the absence of proper planning can aggravate
them. It is, therefore, essential to imbibe disaster risk reduction approach in
all development schemes. Development should focus on reducing disaster risks
and not create them.
2. Risk
coverage must include all, starting from poor households to SMEs to multi-national
corporations to nation states▼
Explanation
Disasters result in loss of lives and damages to properties and assets.
Those who survive face the challenges of their rehabilitation. This applies to
all from poor households to SMEs to multi-nationals.
It is necessary to think big and innovatively to widen the risk insurance
cover. Some bold steps have been taken to ensure financial inclusion and risk
insurance for the poorest.
Government has some schemes having risk coverage in consideration which include
Jan Dhan Yojana, Suraksha Bima Yojana, Fasal Bima Yojana (crop insurance)
etc.
There is a need for:
§ Development of
disaster insurance mechanisms for home-owners in disaster prone area
§ Development of
parametric insurance for weather and climate related disasters
§ Develop insurance
products to cover major infrastructure projects
3. Women’s
leadership and greater involvement should be central to disaster risk
management▼
Explanation
It is necessary to encourage greater involvement and leadership of women
in disaster risk management to support special needs of women affected by
disasters. Women are generally seen as vulnerable to disasters. But women can
play an important role in disaster risk reduction at the household, society,
community and beyond. We need large number of women volunteers, engineers,
masons and building artisans to participate in post-disaster reconstruction and
promote women self-help groups which can assist in livelihood recovery. There
is a need to include women in NDRF and SDRF, and to train elected women
representatives at the local level under development.
4. Invest
in risk mapping globally to improve global understanding of Nature and disaster
risks▼
Explanation
Disasters know no boundary. Many natural hazards impact across countries, so
there is a need for better understanding of such risks at global level. With a
shared understanding of the nature and severity of disaster risks globally,
their impacts can be mitigated with better planning and preparedness. This requires
undertaking multi-hazard risk assessments and developing maps for all major
hazards in a standardized format to facilitate disaster risk reduction
5. Leverage
technology to enhance the efficiency of disaster risk management efforts▼
Explanation
Efforts must be made to leverage technology to enhance the efficiency of our
disaster risk management efforts. This requires use of technology in resource
planning, e.g., India Disaster Resources Network (IDRN), creation of e-platform
to map expertise and resources on highly specialized aspects of disaster
response and to increase the efficacy of early warning systems for all major
hazards through the application of technology.
6. Develop
a network of universities to work on disaster-related issues▼
Explanation
It will be helpful to develop a network of universities and academic
institutions to work on disaster-related aspects. As part of this network,
different universities could specialize in multi-disciplinary research on
disaster issues most relevant to them.
7. Utilise
the opportunities provided by social media and mobile technologies for disaster
risk reduction▼
Explanation
Utilize the opportunities provided by social media and mobile technologies to
develop a social media strategy for Disaster Risk Management in the country.
Social media is transforming disaster response. It is helping response agencies
in quickly organizing themselves and enabling citizens to connect more easily
with authorities.
8. Build
on local capacity and initiative to enhance disaster risk reduction▼
Explanation
Disaster management must build on local capabilities and initiatives. The task
of disaster risk management, particularly in rapidly growing economies, is so
huge that formal institutions of the state can at best be instrumental in creating
the enabling conditions. Specific actions have to be designed and implemented
locally. Such efforts reduce risk and create opportunities for local
development and sustainable livelihoods. Localization of disaster risk
reduction will also ensure that good use is made of the traditional best
practices and indigenous knowledge.
9. Make
use of every opportunity to learn from disasters and, to achieve that, there
must be studies on the lessons after every disaster▼
Explanation
Ensure that the opportunity to learn from a disaster is not wasted. After every
disaster there is a need to undertake research studies to understand the best
practices and learn lessons to improve the policy and disaster governance.
10. Bring
about greater cohesion in international response to disasters▼
Explanation
Disasters’ impacts are huge and so are the needs to be prepared for and respond
strategically. Across the globe, countries face disasters similar in nature and
sometimes across the countries. It requires coordinated and unified response by
affected countries. Pre-disaster planning and preparedness can result in
effective and timely response, hence it is important to bring about greater
cohesion in international response to disasters. International forums and
protocols should be used in addressing disaster risks for effective and
coordinated response.
No comments:
Post a Comment